Astrophysics (Index)About

particle

(very small thing)

Some particle-physics terms indicating various classes of sub-atomic particles, along with their characteristics:

Particle termSpinStatisticsCommentExamples
fermionhalf-integer
(1/2, 3/2, 5/2, ...)
Fermi-DiracAny particle with such spin;
obeys Pauli exclusion principle;
can be elementary particle
or composite
leptons, quarks, baryons
bosoninteger
(0, 1, 2, ...)
Bose-EinsteinAny particle with such spin;
can be elementary particle
or composite
photon, gluon, W boson, Higgs boson
or a meson (a composite boson)
lepton1/2Fermi-DiracType of elementary particle
and a type of fermion
electron, muon, neutrino
quark1/2Fermi-DiracType of elementary particle
and a type of fermion;
subject to the strong force
up, down, top, bottom, strange, charm
hadroneither integer
or half-integer
dependsAny composite particle;
can be a fermion or boson
any baryon, any meson
baryon1/2 Fermi-DiracAny composite particle made of three quarks;
a type of hadron and a type of fermion
protons, neutrons
meson0 or 1 Bose-EinsteinAny composite particle made up of a quark and antiquark;
a type of hadron and a type of boson;
unstable: decays in a fraction of a second
Pion, many other types

Atomic nuclei, ions, and (neutral) atoms all fall under the category of hadron (composite particle) and can be either a fermion or boson, depending upon the constituents. Antimatter offers another dimension: some elementary particles have an associated antiparticle, e.g., a positron is an anti-electron, but both these two are leptons and fermions.


(physics,particles)
Further reading:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_particles
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boson
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lepton
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadron
http://electron6.phys.utk.edu/phys250/modules/module%206/particle_classification.htm
https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/University_Physics/Book%3A_University_Physics_(OpenStax)/University_Physics_III_-_Optics_and_Modern_Physics_(OpenStax)/11%3A_Particle_Physics_and_Cosmology/11.02%3A_Introduction_to_Particle_Physics
https://www.uwa.edu.au/study/-/media/Faculties/Science/Docs/Glossary.pdf
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Particles/parcon.html
https://astronomy.swin.edu.au/~cblake/Particle_Tutorial_Week1.pdf
https://friesian.com/particle.htm
https://www.symmetrymagazine.org/article/brief-etymology-particle-physics?language_content_entity=und

Referenced by pages:
1H
absorption
absorption coefficient
abundances
Aditya-L1
Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE)
advection dominated accretion flow (ADAF)
air shower
alpha particle
AMPTE
AMS-02
ANAIS-112
antimatter
ARCADE
AstroSat
atmospheric escape
atomic dark matter (aDM)
Avogadro's number (NA)
axion (A0)
Axion Dark Matter Experiment (ADMX)
baryon
baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO)
beam
beta decay
Bethe-Heitler process
Big Crunch
black hole (BH)
black-hole information paradox
Blandford-Znajek mechanism (BZ process)
Boltzmann constant (k)
Boltzmann equation
Boltzmann transport equation (BTE)
Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC)
Bose-Einstein statistics
bremsstrahlung
CASA-MIA
Cassini
chemical equilibrium (CE)
Cherenkov detector
Cherenkov radiation
CNO cycle
cold dark matter (CDM)
collimator
collisional broadening
column density
Compton scattering
Compton wavelength
cooling function
COSINE-100
cosmic neutrino background (CNB)
cosmic rays (CR)
cross section
Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS)
Cryogenic Rare Event Search with Superconducting Thermometers (CRESST)
CUORE
curvature radiation
cyclotron radiation
cyclotron radiation emission spectroscopy (CRES)
dalton (Da)
DAMA/LIBRA
dark matter (DM)
dark matter annihilation
dark matter detector
dark star
de Broglie wavelength
Debye length
decoupling
degeneracy weight
deuterium (D)
diffraction
diffusion
e-folding time
electric dipole radiation
electromagnetic spectrum
electron (e-)
electron orbital
electron pressure
electron scattering
electron screening
electron volt (eV)
electroweak
element
emission
endothermic reaction
equation of radiative transfer (RTE)
EUSO-SPB
exosphere
exotic star
Faraday rotation
Fermi sea
flavor
Fly's Eye
Fokker-Planck equation
free streaming
freeze-out
fusion
fuzzy dark matter (FDM)
galactic wind
Galileo
Gamow peak
Genesis
geodesic
Giotto
GRAPES-3
gravitational potential well
gravitational wave spectrum
gravitomagnetic field
graviton
ground state
GW detection (GW)
GZK limit
Hamiltonian
Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect (HBT effect)
Hawking radiation
heating
Heisenberg uncertainty principle
heliosphere
Hough transform (HT)
hydrodynamic escape
hyperon
HZE ion
ideal gas law
IMAP
International Cometary Explorer (ICE)
interplanetary medium (IPM)
ionization fraction
ionizing radiation
Jeans escape
Jeans parameter (λ)
JUICE
Juno
Kamioka Observatory
kappa distribution
Kavli Institute
Kelvin-Helmholtz timescale (KH timescale)
kinetic energy (KE)
Landau damping
lattice Boltzmann method (LBM)
Lee-Weinberg bound
lepton
line broadening
line shape function
Local Interstellar Cloud (LIC)
LOPES
Lorentz force
low Earth orbit (LEO)
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)
MACHO
magnetic field
magnetosphere
Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission (MMS)
Majorana particle
mass
mass density
Maxwell's equations
Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution
mean free path
MESSENGER
microchannel array
millimeter astronomy
mole (mol)
natural broadening
neutralino
neutrino (ν)
neutrino observatory
neutrino oscillation
neutron capture
neutron drip
neutron scattering
neutron spectrometer
neutron star (NS)
neutron star merger
New Horizons (NF1)
nitrogen (N)
nuclear statistical equilibrium (NSE)
Oh-My-God Particle
Orbiting Wide-angle Light Collectors (OWL)
p-process
pair production
PAMELA
particle horizon
particle physics
particle spectrometer
partition function (Z)
parts per million (PPM)
Pauli exclusion principle
Penrose Compton scattering (PCS)
phase transition
photodisintegration
photodissociation
photon
physical field
PIC simulation
PICO experiment (PICO)
pion (π)
Pioneer Venus Orbiter (PVO)
plasma
plasma frequency
POEMMA
pressure integral
proportional counter
proton-proton chain
pulsar (PSR)
quantum
quantum field theory (QFT)
quantum fluctuations
quantum mechanics (QM)
quantum mixing
quantum number
quantum system
quantum tunneling
quark
quark matter (QM)
quark-gluon plasma (QGP)
quasiparticle
r-process
radiation belt
radiation pressure
radiative transfer (RT)
radioactive decay
radioactivity
radiolysis
Rayleigh scattering
reheating
relativistic astrophysics
relativistic effect
relativistic speed
relaxation time
relic
repulsive dark matter (RDM)
rp-process
s-process
scattering
Schrödinger equation
Schrödinger-Poisson equation
scintillator
sedimentation
SELENE
shock wave
Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO)
solar energetic particle (SEP)
solar neutrino unit (SNU)
Solar Orbiter (SolO)
solar particle
solar storm
solar wind
space weather
spark chamber
spectrometer
spectrometry
spectroscopy
spin (ms)
spinning dust emission
ssDNA
standard model
standard model of a flare
Stark effect
stellar core
stellar structure
STEREO
Stokes number (Stk)
string theory
sub-GeV dark matter
Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO)
Sun surface features
superluminous supernova (SLSN)
supersymmetry (SUSY)
Swordy plot
synchrotron radiation
synchrotron self-Compton (SSC)
TAMBO
tau neutrino (ντ)
Telescope Array Project (TA)
temperature
thermal bremsstrahlung
thermal emission
thermodynamic equilibrium (TE)
Thomson scattering
Thorne-Żytkow object (TZO)
Tianwen-1 (TW-1)
Ulysses
Uranus Orbiter and Probe
Van Allen belts
very-high-energy gamma rays (VHEGR)
Vlasov-Poisson equation
Voyager
wave-particle duality
weak interaction
white dwarf (WD)
Wigner crystal
WIMP
Wind
XENON10
ZEPLIN

Index